Which molecule has the maximum dipole moment | vedclass

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(A) The dipole moment $\mu$ of a molecule is given by the vector sum of the individual bond dipoles. For disubstituted benzene derivatives,the resulta

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ortho-dinitrobenzene

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(A) The dipole moment $\mu$ of a molecule is given by the vector sum of the individual bond dipoles. For disubstituted benzene derivatives,the resultant dipole moment $\mu_R$ is given by $\mu_R = \sqrt{\mu_1^2 + \mu_2^2 + 2\mu_1\mu_2 \cos 	heta}$,where $	heta$ is the angle between the two dipole vectors.For $o$-dinitrobenzene,$	heta = 60^\circ$.For $m$-dinitrobenzene,$	heta = 120^\circ$.For $p$-dinitrobenzene,$	heta = 180^\circ$.Since $\cos 60^\circ = 0.5$,$\cos 120^\circ = -0.5$,and $\cos 180^\circ = -1$,the value of $\mu_R$ is maximum when $	heta$ is smallest.Therefore,$o$-dinitrobenzene has the maximum dipole moment.

Which molecule has the maximum dipole moment $\mu$? (where $X = -NO_2$)

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